הגלריה און לייןמילון מושגים באמנותאקצרה foreshortening

אקצרה foreshortening

אקצרה, או הקצרה - foreshortening - היא טכניקה ליצירת מרחב ואשליה של עומק על גבי יצירה דו מימדית.
בטכניקה זו מוצבים העצמים בזוית למישור התמונה, כך שנוצרת אשליה שהם נסוגים במרחב.
ההנחה בעומדת בבסיס טכניקת האקצרה מבוססת על חוקי הפרספקטיבה, הקובעים כי ככל שעצם מרוחק יותר מהצופה כך הוא ייראה כקטן יותר. המשמעות היא כי לצורך יצירת אשליית העומק, החלקים הקרובים לקדמת התמונה מוגדלים, בעוד שהעצמים בעומק התמונה מוקטנים.
השימוש באקצרה החל להיות נפוץ בתקופת הרנסאנס באיטליה החל מהמאה ה-15.
על מנת לעשות שימוש באקצרה, יוצר האמן קווי עזר דמיוניים אל עבר נקודת מגוז אחת.
אחת העבודות הראשונות והמפורסמות שעשו שימוש בטכניקת האקצרה היא יצירתו של האמן האיטלקי אנדראה מנטנייה Andrea Mantegna "הקינה על מות ישו".

דוגמא לשימוש באקצרה בציור "הקינה על מות ישו" Lamentation of Christ של האמן האיטלקי Andrea Mantegna

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